Uprising, Climate and Disease

Uprising,Climate, and Disease
Agenda
Medium writing assignment
Lecture
Discussion: Ross introduction
Watch Thursday, October17 Lecture posted toBlackboardCourse UnitsWeek 8
medium writing assignmentdue Oct 31stat 11:59 pm
Due Date
Thursday, October 31, 201911:59 PM

Uprising, Climate and Disease
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PointsPossible
40
1.Howwould you rank revolution, colonization, and industrialization inimportance for understanding our modern world when you considerour current relationship with the environment? [40 pts]
2.Uses specific examples fromlectures in weeks7, 8,9,&10[15pts]
3.Uses specific examples from McNeill’sIntro, and Marks chapters 4 and 5 [15pts]
4.Take into consideration not only our current social, economic, and politicalstructures but also our relationship with theenvironment[10 pts]
5.You can cite lectures (Mevissen,Meiji Japan) and book material (McNeill3) or(Marks 110),etc
Background to Revolution
1500-1800: trade united world
Power disparity between large and smallstates increasesfewer states exist
Challenges to authorityin thought andbelief
Some areas specialize in goods production(in colonies, this was coerced)
Increased speed and expansion ofcommunications
Ecological Transformation in Colonies
Sugarcane needs good soil, lots of sunlight, fuel (timber), andlabor
Caribbean islands: lots of fuel but few people
Populations soared with slavery
Transformation:
trees cleared for fuel and cropland: many local plants/animals wentextinct
Soils eroded or depleted
Eroded soils created marshesmosquitos flourished
Large populations + favorable conditions also suited mosquitos
Questions for video
Who are the main powers in Latin America? What other powershave colonies in the New World?
If we fast forward 100 years from 1750 to 1850, how do thingslook? What is different?
What happens from 1807-1830?
What does creole mean in context of Latin Revolutions?
Name two countries that gain independence thanks to Bolivar.
After Diderot publishes the Encyclopedia in France, who borrowsheavily from his political ideas?
In this context of Enlightenment and American Independence,what else influences revolts in Latin America?
Latin AmericanRevolutions(1810-1825)
AmericanRevolution
(1775-83)
French Revolution(1789-99)
HaitianRevolution
(1793-1804)
The Colonial World Ready for Independence
Europe slowly lost control of NewWorld colonies
Fighting for liberty/freedom
Aided by disease and the climate
American Revolution
Americans fighting political liberties
Same ethnicity as Europeans
Differential immunity: colonists accustomed tomalaria and yellow fever, Brits were not
most Brits immune to smallpox (colonists werent)
Decisive siege of Yorktown/Cornwallis (Sept 1781)
Anophelesquadrimaculatus(mosquito carrying malaria)
https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-PputhGHu0Io/WQskEsMwkNI/AAAAAAAAgNk/Qjd1lVGou5EddyUJ1K6hX2Ic5C1k4C5hACLcB/s1600/sugar-america.jpg
Haitian Revolution
St.Domingue90%slaves, and10% white middleclasses,landowners, freed slaves, and mixed-racepersons
sugar + coffee = $$
Millions depended on it for livelihood in France
Super brutal
French Rev. + uprisings = French initially left
Brits tried to occupy
ToussaintLouverture(ex-slave)led revolt againstBritish
Worked with French andSpanish
keptBrits where diseasespread fastest
1793-98: Brits occupation=loss of15,000men (60-65% oftotal population) to yellowfever
1802-3:When French tried tore-control, lost 50,000-55,000(80-85% of troops) to yellowfever
https://thenypost.files.wordpress.com/2017/08/shipinteriorembed.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&strip=all
Consequences of Colonial Wars
In the end, Europeans lost 180,000troopsin Caribbean
Brits recruited locals (mostly ex-slaves)to man garrisons
end of slave trade, British blacksoldiers liberated
French sold Louisiana
lost interest in French Empire in WesternHemisphere
Ross,Introduction
1.What is the modern-day issue that the introductions first paragraph outlines? Starting in the second paragraph,what is driving this process? According to that paragraph, who is purchasing the land?
2.Why does Ross say that this process is a study in ecological imperialism? Explain with political economy andpolitical ecology.
3.What is the concern of the following pages? What is the point Ross is going to explore?
4.Why was European imperialism such a huge feature of global environmental history?
5.On the top of page 4, does Ross think that this is just a story of exploitation and destruction? Why or why not?
Ecology and Imperial History
6.Rather than considering colonialism a social project with ecological consequences, how does Ross want tovisualize it?
7.What are the four inter-related themes that caused New Imperialism in the late 19thcentury?
8.Pages 6-7: What is the scale of this book? Will the author be focusing on one empire or many? Do we know thetime period he is studying? Why?
9.What did contemporaries believe about the new age of empire-building? What was the reality?
Empire, Industry and the Global Environment
10.What are the two opposing narratives between Europeans and subalterns about colonialismandwhat new ideasattempt to correct these two perspectives?
11.How does Ross characterize the Biological Old Regime? What are examples he uses to describe this?
12.How did empires affect trade or globalization?
Coverage, Themes, Organization
13.What areas is Ross studying? Which areas is henotstudying and why?
14.Starting on page 19, what are the books three main parts, structures, and arguments?
Watch Thursday, October 17Lecture posted to BlackboardCourse UnitsWeek 8
medium writing assignment dueOct 31stat 11:59 pm