The role of ipratropium in asthma management

The role of ipratropium in asthma management
When compared to younger adults, which of the following traumatic injuries is more common in
elderly patients?
A. Subdural hematoma
B. Odontoid fracture
C. Flail chest
D. Central cord syndrome
E. All of the above
65. Which of the following is true regarding the role of ipratropium in asthma management?
A. The main benefit of ipratropium, instead of atropine or other anticholinergic drugs, is ipratropium
has a more rapid onset of action.
B. Ipratropium is useful as a sole bronchodilator in the treatment of acute asthma exacerbations.
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C. Ipratropium is most useful as an adjunct for patients with severe asthma exacerbations.
D. Ipratropium has never been proven to be of benefit in patients with acute asthma exacerbations.
E. None of the above
66. A 22-year-old female presents with intermittent fever and chills for 2 weeks. She has no past medical
history, but reports using intravenous heroin several times a week. Physical examination reveals a
febrile, ill-appearing woman with a heart murmur. Blood cultures are most likely to reveal which of
the following organisms?
A. S. aureus
B. Streptococcus pneumoniae
C. Streptococcus viridans
D. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
E. Candida albicans
67. A 67-year-old female with diabetes, hypertension, and a history of an aortoiliac bypass graft presents
with abdominal pain and dark, “funny-smelling” stools. She states the symptoms started 2 days ago
and seem to have gone away as she had a “nearnormal” bowel movement this morning and no longer
has pain. On examination, she has guaiac positive, dark brown, but not melenic stool. Which of the
following must be excluded as a cause of hemorrhage?
A. Acute mesenteric ischemia
B. Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)
C. Aortoenteric fistula
D. Duodenal ulcer
E. Ischemic colitis
68. A 26-year-old female presents with dyspnea and pleuritic chest pain and is subsequently diagnosed
with a PE. She is not pregnant, takes no oral contraceptive therapy, and is a nonsmoker, but she notes
that her mother has had two PEs. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient’s PE?
A. Plasminogen deficiency
B. Nephrotic syndrome
C. Cervical cancer
D. Factor V Leiden
E. Protein S deficiency
69. A 34-year-old male is brought into the emergency department (ED) after a motor vehicle collision.
Which of the following findings is an indication to perform a computed tomography (CT) of the
abdomen/pelvis with IV contrast to look for renal injury in this patient?
A. Microscopic hematuria
B. Gross hematuria
C. Flank pain
D. Flank ecchymosis
E. Penile hematoma
70. A 42-year-old female who is a self-described “seafood fanatic” presents with a chief complaint of an
“allergic reaction.” Thirty minutes after eating tuna at a local restaurant she developed a severe
headache, palpitations, nausea, abdominal cramping, and remarkable facial flushing. She has eaten
fish for her entire life without incident. Which of the following is true?
A. She should be given subcutaneous epinephrine and parenteral corticosteroids.
B. Perioral paresthesias are typically a classic feature of this illness.
C. Upon discharge, the patient should be advised to avoid all seafood products in the future.
D. The patient should expect symptoms to resolve slowly over the course of 1 week.
E. The symptoms are due to excessive histamine levels in the fish.
71. Which of the following is true regarding posterior shoulder dislocations?
A. External rotation is usually intact.
B. Neurovascular injury is more common than in anterior dislocations.