Buy Opioid Analgesics and Antagonists
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Buy Opioid Analgesics and Antagonists
Directions for questions 1−5
For each num bered item select the one lettered option that is
m ost closely associated w ith it (each lettered option can be selected once, m ore than once, or not at all).
A. Buprenorphine
B. Codeine
C. Fentanyl
D. Heroin
E. Loperam ide
F. Methadone
G. Morphine
H. Naloxone
I. Pentazocine
J. Propoxyphene
K. Tram adol
Di culty level: Easy
1. A partial agonist at µ (m u) opioid receptors and antagonist at
κ (kappa) opioid receptors
Di culty level: Easy
2. A full opioid agonist w ith the highest oral bioavailability
Di culty level: Easy
3. A drug w ith very weak opioid activity used in the treatm ent
of diarrhea
Di culty level: Easy
4. A partial agonist at µ (m u) opioid receptors and full agonist at
κ (kappa) opioid receptors
Di culty level: Easy
5. A drug w ith high a nity but no intrinsic activit y at opioid
receptors
Di culty level: Easy
6. A 34-year-old m an was adm itted to the em ergency departm ent because of a sharp abdom inal pain for the past 3 hours.
Further exam s led to the diagnosis of renal colic, and the
patient received an intram uscular injection of m orphine. Activation of receptors in w hich of the follow ing brain areas
m ost likely m ediated the analgesic e ect of the drug in this
patient?
A. Edinger−Westphal nucleus
B. Meynert nucleus
C. Nucleus accum bens
D. Periaqueductal gray m atter
E. Medial em inence of the hypothalam us
Di culty level: Easy
7. A 22-year-old pregnant wom an was in labor for 12 hours
and was experiencing strong and very painful contractions.
Epidural adm inistration of m orphine was adm inistered for
analgesia. Which of the follow ing neuronal areas was m ost
likely the m ain site of the analgesic action of m orphine in
this setting?
A. Locus ceruleus
B. Substantia gelatinosa
C. Periaqueductal gray m atter
D. Nucleus accum bens
E. Substantia nigra
F. Rostral ventrolateral m edulla
Di culty level: Easy
8. A 58-year-old wom an w ith m etastasized breast cancer received an intram uscular injection of m orphine for pain, but
she su ered nausea and vom iting soon after the injection.
Which of the follow ing brain areas was m ost likely the m ain
site of these adverse e ects of m orphine?
A. Locus ceruleus
B. Area postrem a
C. Median hypothalam ic em inence
D. Nucleus accum bens
E. Putam en
F. Rostral ventrolateral m edulla
Di culty level: Easy
9. A 61-year-old wom an com plained of severe pain a few hours
after surgery for renal cancer. An intram uscular injection of
m orphine was given. Which of the follow ing actions m ost
likely contributed to the analgesic e ect of m orphine?
A. Activation of brainstem neurons that m odulate pain
transm ission
B. Stim ulation of substance P release from nerve term inals
in the spinal cord
C. Induction of dissociative feeling and dysphoria
D. Inhibition of adrenergic pathways from the locus ceruleus
E. Inhibition of serotonergic pathways from the raphe nuclei
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