pathophysiology of Asthma and link to the Moodle

Discuss the pathophysiology of Asthma and link to the Moodle case study “Zachy”. Include the pathophysiology of Zachy’s clinical manifestations of his asthma. You must include a succinct introduction and conclusion and reference with the APA style guide. Part A
Introduction:
Asthma is a chronic allergic, immune mediated and inflammatory disease. Main signs and symptoms of asthma comprises of shortness of breath, increased respiratory rate, difficulty in breathing, coughing and wheezing. Occurrence of asthma is more in children which is known as childhood asthma. Etiological factors of asthma include cold air, exercise, pollen, viruses, genetic factors, drugs like aspirin and beta blockers. Asthma attacks can occur in many occasions in a single day or on few days in a week. Approximately, 1 in 9 people in Australia have asthma. It is more common in male below 14 years of age, however it is more common in female above 14 years of age. Asthma is prevalent in the older and Indigenous Australians also. Asthma is more prevalent in people with low socioeconomic class. Asthma is a huge financial and social burden in Australia. 451 per 100,000 population children fewer than 15 years age are hospitalized due to asthma. Approximately 400 deaths per year occurs due to asthma in Australia in last 10 years. 34 % people reported interference in daily activities due to asthma and 21 % children reported off form school or work due to asthma (AIHW, 2016). In this essay, case of 6 years old Zachy is discussed, who is suffering through coughing, wheezing and difficulty in breathing. Signs and symptoms of Zachy are correlated with pathphysiological changes of asthma.

Discussion:
Asthma pathophysiology can be studied in four different categories like bronchoconstriction, airway edema, airway hyperresponsiveness and airway remodeling. Inflammation of the airways leads to the bronchoconstriction.
This section of the assignment is focused towards science content and will be marked by the science team.
Discuss the pharmacological management that Zachy is on for his Asthma including the pharmacodynamics of these medications. Link your discussion to the relevant pathophysiology of the condition.
Discuss the prioritized required care far Zachy for the first 24 hours of his admission. Think holistically and include nursing care, assessment, interdisciplinary roles and education.
You must include a succinct introduction and conclusion and reference with the APA style guide.